Intimate partner violence

• One in Three
• https://equalitycanada.com/2014gss/
• https://www.telegraph.co.uk/men/relationships/10927507/Women-are-more-controlling-and-aggressive-than-men-in-relationships.html
• https://www.researchgate.net/publication/332917590_Prevalence_and_Consequences_of_Intimate_Partner_Violence_in_Canada_as_Measured_by_the_National_Victimization_Survey
• https://www.researchgate.net/publication/233119538_Intimate_Partner_Violence_in_Couples_Seeking_Relationship_Education_for_the_Transition_to_Parenthood
• https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2968709/

Teenagers =

• http://studyfinds.org/digital-dating-abuse-many-teens-more-often-boys-are-being-harassed-online-by-a-partner

Historical Punishments

• http://mdhs.org/underbelly/2013/10/03/only-the-instrument-of-the-law-baltimores-whipping-post/

It's best to use the term IPV (intimate partner violence) as DV is actually very broad - it can include any people who are related or any people living together even if they are not related. If you want to talk about all DV then men are a clear majority of victims as they are for all violence. Women are more likely to have serious injuries as a result of IPV but some recent research suggests that men are more likely to be injured overall. About half of all IPV is reciprocal with both partners perpetrators and victims. Of non-reciprocal IPV women are perpetrators in about 70% of cases. Injury rates are higher in reciprocal IPV and the difference is greater for women than men. One of the most significant indicators that a women will be a victim of IPV is that she is a perpetrator of IPV. This leads to the inescapable conclusion that any intervention strategy that ignores reciprocal IPV[1] fails women as well as men. [1] This being *all* mainstream (feminist inspired) intervention strategies