Difference between revisions of "Conscription"

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[[File:Caricature-1780-press_gang.jpg|thumb|Depiction of a [[Royal Navy]] [[press gang]], 1780.]]
  
[[File:Caricature-1780-press_gang.jpg|thumb|Depiction of a [[Royal Navy]] [[press gang]], 1780.]]
  +
  +
[[File:GKVi3e-WQAArpIX.jpeg|thumb|[[Meme]] advocating for equality in conscription.]]
   
 
[[Conscription]] (also called the draft in the United States) is the state-mandated enlistment of people in a national service, mainly a military service. With few exceptions conscription applies exclusively to men.
  
[[Conscription]] (also called the draft in the United States) is the state-mandated enlistment of people in a national service, mainly a military service. With few exceptions conscription applies exclusively to men.
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Conscription dates back to antiquity and it continues in some countries to the present day under various names. The modern system of near-universal national conscription for young men dates to the French Revolution in the 1790s, where it became the basis of a very large and powerful military. Most European nations later copied the system in peacetime, so that men at a certain age would serve 1–8 years on active duty and then transfer to the reserve force.
  
Conscription dates back to antiquity and it continues in some countries to the present day under various names. The modern system of near-universal national conscription for young men dates to the French Revolution in the 1790s, where it became the basis of a very large and powerful military. Most European nations later copied the system in peacetime, so that men at a certain age would serve 1–8 years on active duty and then transfer to the reserve force.
   
−
Conscription is controversial for a range of reasons, including conscientious objection to military engagements on religious or philosophical grounds; political objection, for example to service for a disliked government or unpopular war; sexism, in that historically men have been subject to the draft in the most cases; and ideological objection, for example, to a perceived violation of individual rights. Those conscripted may evade service, sometimes by leaving the country,[2] and seeking asylum in another country. Some selection systems accommodate these attitudes by providing alternative service outside combat-operations roles or even outside the military, such as Siviilipalvelus (alternative civil service) in Finland, Zivildienst (compulsory community service) in Austria, Germany and Switzerland. Several countries conscript male soldiers not only for armed forces, but also for paramilitary agencies, which are dedicated to police-like domestic only service like internal troops, border guards or non-combat rescue duties like civil defence.
 +
Conscription is controversial for a range of reasons, including conscientious objection to military engagements on religious or philosophical grounds; political objection, for example to service for a disliked government or unpopular war; sexism, in that historically men have been subject to the draft in the most cases; and ideological objection, for example, to a perceived violation of individual rights. Those conscripted may evade service, sometimes by leaving the country, and seeking asylum in another country. Some selection systems accommodate these attitudes by providing alternative service outside combat-operations roles or even outside the military, such as Siviilipalvelus (alternative civil service) in Finland, Zivildienst (compulsory community service) in Austria, Germany and Switzerland. Several countries conscript male soldiers not only for armed forces, but also for paramilitary agencies, which are dedicated to police-like domestic only service like internal troops, border guards or non-combat rescue duties like civil defence.
   
  +
As of 2025, many states are reintroducing conscription following several decades in which it was in decline.
−
As of 2022, many states no longer conscript soldiers, relying instead upon professional militaries with volunteers. The ability to rely on such an arrangement, however, presupposes some degree of predictability with regard to both war-fighting requirements and the scope of hostilities. Many states that have abolished conscription still, therefore, reserve the power to resume conscription during wartime or times of crisis.[3] States involved in wars or interstate rivalries are most likely to implement conscription, and democracies are less likely than autocracies to implement conscription.[4] With a few exceptions, such as Singapore and Egypt, former British colonies are less likely to have conscription, as they are influenced by British anti-conscription norms that can be traced back to the English Civil War; the United Kingdom abolished conscription in 1960.[4]
  
  +
  +
Many states that have abolished conscription still, therefore, reserve the power to resume conscription during wartime or times of crisis. States involved in wars or interstate rivalries are most likely to implement conscription, and democracies are less likely than autocracies to implement conscription. With a few exceptions, such as Singapore and Egypt, former British colonies are less likely to have conscription, as they are influenced by British anti-conscription norms that can be traced back to the English Civil War; the United Kingdom abolished conscription in 1960.
   
 
* http://womenalliance.org/no-to-female-conscription
  
* http://womenalliance.org/no-to-female-conscription
   
 
* https://www.chinadaily.com.cn/a/202001/22/WS5e27a9f7a310128217272b2b.html
  
* https://www.chinadaily.com.cn/a/202001/22/WS5e27a9f7a310128217272b2b.html
  +
  +
== Feminism ==
  +
  +
[[File:2024-04-15-135423_597x133_scrot.png|400px]]
  +
  +
Feminists sometimes argue women should not be conscripted because they are needed to produced children. This argument is at odds with other feminist arguments and the birthrate in Western nations.<ref>https://twitter.com/michellmybell1/status/1779600355900150088</ref><ref>https://archive.is/wip/LUtB7</ref>
  +
  +
== Table ==
   
 
{| class="sortable wikitable"
  
{| class="sortable wikitable"
Line 30: Line 42:
 
|-
  
|-
 
|Angola
  
|Angola
  +
|20-45
  +
|24
  +
|
  +
|
  +
|-
  +
|Argentina
 
|
  
|
 
|
  
|
Line 35: Line 53:
 
|
  
|
 
|-
  
|-
  +
|Armenia
  +
|18-27
  +
|24
 
|
  
|
  +
|
  +
|-
  +
|Austria
 
|
  
|
 
|
  
|
Line 41: Line 65:
 
|
  
|
 
|-
  
|-
  +
|Azerbaijan
−
|
  
 
|
  
|
 
|
  
|
Line 47: Line 71:
 
|
  
|
 
|-
  
|-
  +
|Belarus
−
|
  
 
|
  
|
 
|
  
|
Line 53: Line 77:
 
|
  
|
 
|-
  
|-
  +
|Belize
−
|
  
 
|
  
|
 
|
  
|
Line 59: Line 83:
 
|
  
|
 
|-
  
|-
  +
|Benin
−
|
  
 
|
  
|
 
|
  
|
Line 65: Line 89:
 
|
  
|
 
|-
  
|-
  +
|Bhutan
−
|
  
 
|
  
|
 
|
  
|
Line 71: Line 95:
 
|
  
|
 
|-
  
|-
  +
|Bolivia
−
|
  
 
|
  
|
 
|
  
|
Line 77: Line 101:
 
|
  
|
 
|-
  
|-
  +
|Brazil
−
|
  
 
|
  
|
 
|
  
|
Line 83: Line 107:
 
|
  
|
 
|-
  
|-
  +
|Cambodia
−
|
  
 
|
  
|
 
|
  
|
Line 89: Line 113:
 
|
  
|
 
|-
  
|-
  +
|Cape Verde
−
|
  
 
|
  
|
 
|
  
|
Line 95: Line 119:
 
|
  
|
 
|-
  
|-
  +
|Chad
−
|
  
 
|
  
|
 
|
  
|
Line 101: Line 125:
 
|
  
|
 
|-
  
|-
  +
|Chile
−
|
  
 
|
  
|
 
|
  
|
Line 107: Line 131:
 
|
  
|
 
|-
  
|-
  +
|China
−
|
  
 
|
  
|
 
|
  
|
Line 113: Line 137:
 
|
  
|
 
|-
  
|-
  +
|Colombia
−
|
  
 
|
  
|
 
|
  
|
Line 119: Line 143:
 
|
  
|
 
|-
  
|-
  +
|Congo
−
|
  
 
|
  
|
 
|
  
|
Line 125: Line 149:
 
|
  
|
 
|-
  
|-
  +
|Cuba
−
|
  
 
|
  
|
 
|
  
|
Line 131: Line 155:
 
|
  
|
 
|-
  
|-
  +
|Cyprus
−
|
  
 
|
  
|
 
|
  
|
Line 137: Line 161:
 
|
  
|
 
|-
  
|-
  +
|Denmark
−
|
  
 
|
  
|
 
|
  
|
Line 143: Line 167:
 
|
  
|
 
|-
  
|-
  +
|Egypt
−
|
  
 
|
  
|
 
|
  
|
Line 149: Line 173:
 
|
  
|
 
|-
  
|-
  +
|El Salvador
−
|
  
 
|
  
|
 
|
  
|
Line 155: Line 179:
 
|
  
|
 
|-
  
|-
  +
|Equatorial Guinea
−
|
  
 
|
  
|
 
|
  
|
Line 161: Line 185:
 
|
  
|
 
|-
  
|-
  +
|Eritrea
−
|
  
 
|
  
|
 
|
  
|
Line 167: Line 191:
 
|
  
|
 
|-
  
|-
  +
|Estonia
−
|
  
 
|
  
|
 
|
  
|
Line 173: Line 197:
 
|
  
|
 
|-
  
|-
  +
|Ethiopia
 
|
  
|
 
|
  
|
 
|
  
|
 
|
  
|
−
|
  
−
|-
  
 
|-
  
|-
  +
|Finland
−
|
  
 
|
  
|
 
|
  
|
Line 186: Line 209:
 
|
  
|
 
|-
  
|-
  +
|Georgia
−
|
  
 
|
  
|
 
|
  
|
Line 192: Line 215:
 
|
  
|
 
|-
  
|-
  +
|Greece
−
|
  
 
|
  
|
 
|
  
|
Line 198: Line 221:
 
|
  
|
 
|-
  
|-
  +
|Guatamala
−  
−
|
  
 
|
  
|
 
|
  
|
Line 205: Line 227:
 
|
  
|
 
|-
  
|-
  +
|Guinea-Bissau
−
|
  
 
|
  
|
 
|
  
|
Line 211: Line 233:
 
|
  
|
 
|-
  
|-
  +
|Indonesia
−
|
  
 
|
  
|
 
|
  
|
Line 217: Line 239:
 
|
  
|
 
|-
  
|-
  +
|Iran
−
|
  
 
|
  
|
 
|
  
|
Line 223: Line 245:
 
|
  
|
 
|-
  
|-
  +
|Israel
−
|
  
 
|
  
|
 
|
  
|
Line 229: Line 251:
 
|
  
|
 
|-
  
|-
  +
|Ivory Coast
−
|
  
 
|
  
|
 
|
  
|
Line 235: Line 257:
 
|
  
|
 
|-
  
|-
  +
|Jordan
−
|
  
 
|
  
|
 
|
  
|
Line 241: Line 263:
 
|
  
|
 
|-
  
|-
  +
|Kazakhstan
−
|
  
 
|
  
|
 
|
  
|
Line 247: Line 269:
 
|
  
|
 
|-
  
|-
  +
|Kuwait
 
|
  
|
 
|
  
|
 
|
  
|
 
|
  
|
−
|
  
−
|-
  
 
|-
  
|-
  +
|Kyrgystan
−
|
  
 
|
  
|
 
|
  
|
Line 260: Line 281:
 
|
  
|
 
|-
  
|-
  +
|Laos
 
|
  
|
  +
|
  +
|
  +
|
  +
|-
  +
|Lithuania
 
|
  
|
 
|
  
|
Line 266: Line 293:
 
|
  
|
 
|-
  
|-
  +
|Mali
 
|
  
|
  +
|
  +
|
  +
|
  +
|-
  +
|Mexico
 
|
  
|
 
|
  
|
Line 272: Line 305:
 
|
  
|
 
|-
  
|-
  +
|Moldova
 
|
  
|
  +
|
  +
|
  +
|
  +
|-
  +
|Mongolia
 
|
  
|
 
|
  
|
Line 278: Line 317:
 
|
  
|
 
|-
  
|-
  +
|Moroco
 
|
  
|
  +
|
  +
|
  +
|
  +
|-
  +
|Mozanbique
 
|
  
|
 
|
  
|
Line 284: Line 329:
 
|
  
|
 
|-
  
|-
  +
|Myanmar
 
|
  
|
  +
|
  +
|
  +
|
  +
|-
  +
|Niger
 
|
  
|
 
|
  
|
Line 290: Line 341:
 
|
  
|
 
|-
  
|-
  +
|North Korea
 
|
  
|
  +
|
  +
|
  +
|
  +
|-
  +
|Norway
 
|
  
|
 
|
  
|
Line 296: Line 353:
 
|
  
|
 
|-
  
|-
  +
|Paraguay
 
|
  
|
  +
|
  +
|
  +
|
  +
|-
  +
|Poland
 
|
  
|
 
|
  
|
Line 302: Line 365:
 
|
  
|
 
|-
  
|-
  +
|Portugal
 
|
  
|
  +
|
  +
|
  +
|
  +
|-
  +
|Qatar
 
|
  
|
 
|
  
|
Line 308: Line 377:
 
|
  
|
 
|-
  
|-
  +
|Russia
 
|
  
|
  +
|
  +
|
  +
|
  +
|-
  +
|San Marino
 
|
  
|
 
|
  
|
Line 314: Line 389:
 
|
  
|
 
|-
  
|-
  +
|San Tome and Principe
 
|
  
|
  +
|
  +
|
  +
|
  +
|-
  +
|Senegal
 
|
  
|
 
|
  
|
Line 320: Line 401:
 
|
  
|
 
|-
  
|-
  +
|Singapore
 
|
  
|
  +
|
  +
|
  +
|
  +
|-
  +
|Slovakia
 
|
  
|
 
|
  
|
Line 326: Line 413:
 
|
  
|
 
|-
  
|-
  +
|Somalia
−
|-
  
 
|
  
|
  +
|
  +
|
  +
|
  +
|-
  +
|South Korea
 
|
  
|
 
|
  
|
Line 333: Line 425:
 
|
  
|
 
|-
  
|-
  +
|South Sudan
 
|
  
|
  +
|
  +
|
  +
|
  +
|-
  +
|Spain
 
|
  
|
 
|
  
|
Line 339: Line 437:
 
|
  
|
 
|-
  
|-
  +
|Sudan
 
|
  
|
  +
|
  +
|
  +
|
  +
|-
  +
|Sweden
 
|
  
|
 
|
  
|
Line 345: Line 449:
 
|
  
|
 
|-
  
|-
  +
|Switzerland
−
|-
  
 
|
  
|
  +
|
  +
|
  +
|
  +
|-
  +
|Syria
 
|
  
|
 
|
  
|
Line 352: Line 461:
 
|
  
|
 
|-
  
|-
  +
|Taiwan
 
|
  
|
  +
|
  +
|
  +
|
  +
|-
  +
|Tajikistan
 
|
  
|
 
|
  
|
Line 358: Line 473:
 
|
  
|
 
|-
  
|-
  +
|Thailand
 
|
  
|
  +
|
  +
|
  +
|
  +
|-
  +
|Timor-Leste
 
|
  
|
 
|
  
|
Line 364: Line 485:
 
|
  
|
 
|-
  
|-
  +
|Tunisia
−
|-
  
 
|
  
|
  +
|
  +
|
  +
|
  +
|-
  +
|Turkey
 
|
  
|
 
|
  
|
Line 371: Line 497:
 
|
  
|
 
|-
  
|-
  +
|Turkmenistan
 
|
  
|
  +
|
  +
|
  +
|
  +
|-
  +
|Ukraine
 
|
  
|
 
|
  
|
Line 377: Line 509:
 
|
  
|
 
|-
  
|-
  +
|United Arab Emirate
 
|
  
|
 
|
  
|
 
|
  
|
−
||-
  
 
|
  
|
  +
|-
  +
|United States
 
|
  
|
 
|
  
|
Line 387: Line 521:
 
|
  
|
 
|-
  
|-
  +
|Uruguay
 
|
  
|
  +
|
  +
|
  +
|
  +
|-
  +
|Uzbekistan
 
|
  
|
 
|
  
|
Line 393: Line 533:
 
|
  
|
 
|-
  
|-
  +
|Venezuela
 
|
  
|
  +
|
  +
|
  +
|
  +
|-
  +
|Vietnam
 
|
  
|
 
|
  
|
Line 415: Line 561:
   
 
{{Conscription}}
  
{{Conscription}}
  +
{{Draft}}
 
{{Gynocentrism}}
  
{{Gynocentrism}}
 
{{Wikipedia}}
  
{{Wikipedia}}

Latest revision as of 00:45, 31 March 2025

Depiction of a Royal Navy press gang, 1780.
Meme advocating for equality in conscription.

Conscription (also called the draft in the United States) is the state-mandated enlistment of people in a national service, mainly a military service. With few exceptions conscription applies exclusively to men.

Conscription dates back to antiquity and it continues in some countries to the present day under various names. The modern system of near-universal national conscription for young men dates to the French Revolution in the 1790s, where it became the basis of a very large and powerful military. Most European nations later copied the system in peacetime, so that men at a certain age would serve 1–8 years on active duty and then transfer to the reserve force.

Conscription is controversial for a range of reasons, including conscientious objection to military engagements on religious or philosophical grounds; political objection, for example to service for a disliked government or unpopular war; sexism, in that historically men have been subject to the draft in the most cases; and ideological objection, for example, to a perceived violation of individual rights. Those conscripted may evade service, sometimes by leaving the country, and seeking asylum in another country. Some selection systems accommodate these attitudes by providing alternative service outside combat-operations roles or even outside the military, such as Siviilipalvelus (alternative civil service) in Finland, Zivildienst (compulsory community service) in Austria, Germany and Switzerland. Several countries conscript male soldiers not only for armed forces, but also for paramilitary agencies, which are dedicated to police-like domestic only service like internal troops, border guards or non-combat rescue duties like civil defence.

As of 2025, many states are reintroducing conscription following several decades in which it was in decline.

Many states that have abolished conscription still, therefore, reserve the power to resume conscription during wartime or times of crisis. States involved in wars or interstate rivalries are most likely to implement conscription, and democracies are less likely than autocracies to implement conscription. With a few exceptions, such as Singapore and Egypt, former British colonies are less likely to have conscription, as they are influenced by British anti-conscription norms that can be traced back to the English Civil War; the United Kingdom abolished conscription in 1960.

Feminism

2024-04-15-135423 597x133 scrot.png

Feminists sometimes argue women should not be conscripted because they are needed to produced children. This argument is at odds with other feminist arguments and the birthrate in Western nations.[1][2]

Table

Country Men Women
Age Range Duration (months) Age Range Duration (months)
Algeria 19-30 12
Angola 20-45 24
Argentina
Armenia 18-27 24
Austria
Azerbaijan
Belarus
Belize
Benin
Bhutan
Bolivia
Brazil
Cambodia
Cape Verde
Chad
Chile
China
Colombia
Congo
Cuba
Cyprus
Denmark
Egypt
El Salvador
Equatorial Guinea
Eritrea
Estonia
Ethiopia
Finland
Georgia
Greece
Guatamala
Guinea-Bissau
Indonesia
Iran
Israel
Ivory Coast
Jordan
Kazakhstan
Kuwait
Kyrgystan
Laos
Lithuania
Mali
Mexico
Moldova
Mongolia
Moroco
Mozanbique
Myanmar
Niger
North Korea
Norway
Paraguay
Poland
Portugal
Qatar
Russia
San Marino
San Tome and Principe
Senegal
Singapore
Slovakia
Somalia
South Korea
South Sudan
Spain
Sudan
Sweden
Switzerland
Syria
Taiwan
Tajikistan
Thailand
Timor-Leste
Tunisia
Turkey
Turkmenistan
Ukraine
United Arab Emirate
United States
Uruguay
Uzbekistan
Venezuela
Vietnam

See Also

External Links

References

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  1. ↑ https://twitter.com/michellmybell1/status/1779600355900150088
  2. ↑ https://archive.is/wip/LUtB7
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