Difference between revisions of "Hypergamy"
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| − | [[Hypergamy]] is an observed phenomenon in which women seek to pair bond with men of higher social and economic status. This is sometimes colloquially referred to as ''marrying up''.<ref> |
+ | [[Hypergamy]] is an observed phenomenon in which women seek to pair bond with men of higher social and economic status. This is sometimes colloquially referred to as ''marrying up''.<ref>https://metro.co.uk/2018/10/21/what-is-hypergamy-and-are-some-people-prone-to-it-8041028/</ref> |
| + | An equivalent hypergamous behaviour in men would be to seek to pair bond with young and fertile women.<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20130412152104/http://www1.anthro.utah.edu/PDFs/ec_evolanth.pdf</ref> |
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| − | Hypergamy (colloquially referred to as "marrying up"[1]) is a term used in social science for the act or practice of a person marrying a spouse of higher caste or social status than themselves. |
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| + | Studies of mate selection in dozens of countries around the world have found men and women report prioritising different traits when it comes to choosing a mate, with both groups favouring attractive partners in general, but men tending to prefer women who are young while women tend to prefer men who are rich, well-educated, and ambitious.<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20130412152104/http://www1.anthro.utah.edu/PDFs/ec_evolanth.pdf</ref> |
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| − | The antonym "hypogamy"[a] refers to the inverse: marrying a person of lower social class or status (colloquially "marrying down"). Both terms were invented in the Indian subcontinent in the 19th century while translating classical Hindu law books, which used the Sanskrit terms anuloma and pratiloma, respectively, for the two concepts.[2] |
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| + | An empirical study examined the mate preferences of subscribers to a computer dating service in Israel that had a highly skewed sex ratio (646 men for 1,000 women). Despite this skewed sex ratio, they found that: |
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| − | The term hypergyny is used to describe the overall practice of women marrying up, since the men would be marrying down.[3] |
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| + | <blockquote> |
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| − | * http://medium.com/@worstonlinedater/tinder-experiments-ii-guys-unless-you-are-really-hot-you-are-probably-better-off-not-wasting-your-2ddf370a6e9a |
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| + | "On education and socioeconomic status, women on average express greater hypergamic selectivity; they prefer mates who are superior to them in these traits... while men express a desire for an analogue of hypergamy based on physical attractiveness; they desire a mate who ranks higher on the physical attractiveness scale than they themselves do."<ref>https://personal.lse.ac.uk/kanazawa/pdfs/JSEC2008.pdf</ref> |
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| − | * http://cdn.okcimg.com/blog/lies/MaleMessageDistributionByIncomeBright.png |
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| + | </blockquote> |
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| − | * https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S109051381730315X?fbclid=IwAR1T3b4awYqnrulWMGeduGcZuFTnJ5QPLFRPN9xBp-gNm4X49A7MhiiPbVQ |
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| − | * https://medium.com/@worstonlinedater/tinder-experiments-d44892e18f75 |
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| + | == Current Trends == |
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| − | NY Post admit hypergamy is real: |
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| + | |||
| + | It is becoming less common for women to marry older men. Hypergamy does not require the man to be older, however older men have had longer to acquire wealth and power.<ref>https://doi.org/10.1007%2Fs11294-008-9171-x</ref><ref>https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5421994</ref> |
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| + | In a 2016 paper that explored the income difference between couples in 1980 and 2012, researcher Yue Qian noted that the tendency for women to marry men with higher incomes than themselves still persists in the modern era.<ref>https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/jomf.12372</ref> |
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| + | Hypergamy is widely accepted today, and even recognised in the [[mainstream media]]: |
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<blockquote>"Evolutionary psychologists say that women tend to be more attracted to men who are more highly educated and/or out-earn them because sex can bring great costs for women – namely pregnancy and childbirth."<ref>https://nypost.com/2022/04/16/women-may-pay-the-price-for-finally-closing-the-gender-pay-gap/</ref> |
<blockquote>"Evolutionary psychologists say that women tend to be more attracted to men who are more highly educated and/or out-earn them because sex can bring great costs for women – namely pregnancy and childbirth."<ref>https://nypost.com/2022/04/16/women-may-pay-the-price-for-finally-closing-the-gender-pay-gap/</ref> |
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</blockquote> |
</blockquote> |
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| + | |||
| + | Even [[Cosmopolitan]] acknowledged hypergamy in 2023.<ref>https://www.cosmopolitan.com/uk/love-sex/relationships/a45592448/hypergamy-definition/</ref><ref>https://archive.is/wip/RUsXM</ref> |
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== See Also == |
== See Also == |
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*[[Neoteny]] |
*[[Neoteny]] |
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| − | {{ |
+ | {{Featured}} |
| + | {{Glossary}} |
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| + | {{Hypergamy}} |
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| + | {{Wikipedia}} |
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== References == |
== References == |
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| − | [[Category: Glossary]] |
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| − | [[Category: Wikipedia]] |
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Latest revision as of 13:05, 13 August 2024
Hypergamy is an observed phenomenon in which women seek to pair bond with men of higher social and economic status. This is sometimes colloquially referred to as marrying up.[1]
An equivalent hypergamous behaviour in men would be to seek to pair bond with young and fertile women.[2]
Studies of mate selection in dozens of countries around the world have found men and women report prioritising different traits when it comes to choosing a mate, with both groups favouring attractive partners in general, but men tending to prefer women who are young while women tend to prefer men who are rich, well-educated, and ambitious.[3]
An empirical study examined the mate preferences of subscribers to a computer dating service in Israel that had a highly skewed sex ratio (646 men for 1,000 women). Despite this skewed sex ratio, they found that:
"On education and socioeconomic status, women on average express greater hypergamic selectivity; they prefer mates who are superior to them in these traits... while men express a desire for an analogue of hypergamy based on physical attractiveness; they desire a mate who ranks higher on the physical attractiveness scale than they themselves do."[4]
Current Trends
It is becoming less common for women to marry older men. Hypergamy does not require the man to be older, however older men have had longer to acquire wealth and power.[5][6]
In a 2016 paper that explored the income difference between couples in 1980 and 2012, researcher Yue Qian noted that the tendency for women to marry men with higher incomes than themselves still persists in the modern era.[7]
Hypergamy is widely accepted today, and even recognised in the mainstream media:
"Evolutionary psychologists say that women tend to be more attracted to men who are more highly educated and/or out-earn them because sex can bring great costs for women – namely pregnancy and childbirth."[8]
Even Cosmopolitan acknowledged hypergamy in 2023.[9][10]
See Also
This article contains information imported from the English Wikipedia. In most cases the page history will have details. If you need information on the importation and have difficulty obtaining it please contact the site administrators.
Wikipedia shows a strong woke bias. Text copied over from Wikipedia can be corrected and improved.
References
- ↑ https://metro.co.uk/2018/10/21/what-is-hypergamy-and-are-some-people-prone-to-it-8041028/
- ↑ https://web.archive.org/web/20130412152104/http://www1.anthro.utah.edu/PDFs/ec_evolanth.pdf
- ↑ https://web.archive.org/web/20130412152104/http://www1.anthro.utah.edu/PDFs/ec_evolanth.pdf
- ↑ https://personal.lse.ac.uk/kanazawa/pdfs/JSEC2008.pdf
- ↑ https://doi.org/10.1007%2Fs11294-008-9171-x
- ↑ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5421994
- ↑ https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/jomf.12372
- ↑ https://nypost.com/2022/04/16/women-may-pay-the-price-for-finally-closing-the-gender-pay-gap/
- ↑ https://www.cosmopolitan.com/uk/love-sex/relationships/a45592448/hypergamy-definition/
- ↑ https://archive.is/wip/RUsXM